People are hopefull that in the future the climate will improve and the world will be safe, education about climate change and environmental conservation will be given to all people.
There will be no difference if all people are educated about climate change.Climate change articles and reports are given a top priority in Tanzania as there is an avarage of one article about climate change every month that appears on Tanzania news papers.
The headline that caught my eye and impressed us is "Two-degree rise ever more likely, scientists warn" as it talks about new studies that show the continue rising of global temperature.
An article we would like to give on climate change article would be "Do we need to close industries to fight climate change?"
A key issue in the debate on climate change is how muchwill it cost to reduce Greenhousegas emission levels. Many believe that the cost of delay is much higher than the cost of immediate action. We have to analyse dispassionately (NO EMOTIONS!) where the good niches to act exist and where the obstacles lie, both technically and personally . We need to study sustainable development approaches around the world that have succeeded and failed, and draw lessons about the way to proceed further.
We would like to tell the industrilized countries to reduce their CO2 emissions to the atmosphere help poor countries in fighting climate change impacts.
Now it is your turn to compile the questions 5 until 8. Carefully consider the best way of posing the questions in order to gain the best possible insight into the everyday views of your partner class.
We are not so much scared but angry.
We use public buses famous known as Dala Dala that are accessible in every corner of the city and the county to go to work and to school (see picture). Paying for Dala Dala per trip is 250 Tanzania shillings but this sometimes change depending on the distance you travel. There are no alternative public transport but in some regions especially in rural areas people walk and use bicycles to travel from one place and another.Getting to work or school and back during rush hours is a nightmare in Dar es Salaam. In their effort to reach office or school early, some city residents, including motorists and school children, are forced to wake up as early as 4 in the morning to beat the traffic jam.
Dala Dalas are a cross between a taxi and a bus. Dala-dalas get their name from the Swahili slang “dala,” meaning five. Years ago the fare was five shillings, so the conductors would shout out “dala dala”...thus the name. Now the price is higher, but still less than 25 cents US to go anywhere. Dala-dalas have sort of fixed (but not really) route - they pick up people along the way and stop anywhere if you shout loud enough. They usually are very crowded, so getting in and out is quite a task. Many times the Dala-dala are filled with everything from goats to the daily market produce to the latest entrepreneurial venture of the day. People wanting to board must act fast and hold their position to gain access to the shared Dala-dala as everyone is usually fighting for their space.
Toll collectors are termed "mpigadebe" - literally, 'a person who hits a debe' (a 4 gallon tin container used for transporting gasoline or water). This is in reference to the fact that they are often hitting the roof and side of the van to attract customer attention and to notify the driver when to leave the station.
Currently the government has no laws that force people to stop climate change, but the government through Vice President Office-Division of the Environment has prepared National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) that aims on identifying and developing immidiate and agent NAPA activities to adapt climate change and climate variability as well as increase public awarenes to climate change impacts and adaptation activities in communities, civili society and government officials. NAPA has been prepared by Vice President Office-Division of Environment in collaboration with United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and Global Environment Facility in January 2007.
We have lots of used buses and used cars.
We would educate all people about forest management and importance of trees and disdavantages of cutting trees. We will then tell the people trees are important because they are source of rain,source of medicines(herbs) and help to break and stop strong winds.
We will also tell people to mitigate the problems by overcoming before direct impact occurs.
The past tells us that there were more trees than now because in the past people were not cutting trees like we do, and so they were no droughts as they are happening now. In the past people were walking on foot and not using cars and so there was no production of CO2.
The kind of life we would like to lead will be a simple life like living in a hut,walking on foot and riding a bike in longer distances.
No we are not free to choose the prospect of our life because we are still students and still living with our parents.
We enjoy studying, swimming,explore about nature, and conserving the environment.
We can do the things we enjoy depending on school schedule becuase anything we plan to do has to be at right time, but in some cases we dont do these things for example when we have exams.
We cant swim, explore about nature because we are students and we have other responsibilities like preparing for our final exams.
Now it’s your turn to compile the questions 12 until 16. Carefully consider the best way of posing questions in order to gain the best possible insight into the everyday views and lifestyle of society around you, and what is changing.
renewable energies are the solution
The government does not support individuals to buy solar collectors, however there are government Institutions that support energy projects like supply of solar energy devices in rural areas. One of this government institution is Rural Energy Agency (REA) which is an institution within Ministry of Energy and Minerals (MEM), there are also non-government organizations that supply solar energy devices in the country at an affordable price this include Tanzania Solar Energy Association (TASEA).
Tanzania has no automobile/car making industry, so we don't have any project to invent cars with minimal energy output.
Dar es Salaam is facing the problem of air pollution like the other big cities in East Africa.
Exhaust fumes, loaded with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons as well as sooty particulates from diesel engines and toxic chemicals contained in the fumes are being discharged into the atmosphere in increasing quantities everyday.
Every morning, as one drives into town from the suburban areas one is confronted by a hazy or cloudy atmosphere in Ubungo, Manzese and Chang`ombe.
That's what we do: we have began drafting a Climate change magazine that will be given to students and schools participating in the project. The magazine will be in English and Swahili languages to enable every young man and woman to get a chance to read and understand about climate change. We want this magazine to be available in libraries and secondary school libraries so that people know about climate change and the project we are doing.
We will let you know our progress and we will see if you can help us in editing the English version and the printing. We have not yet decided the title of the Magazine but we would like the title to be in Swahili word that relates to climate change or environmental conservation.
NO, we have not yet experienced serious catastrophe as result of climate change although recently we have experienced problems like water shortages, power cuts, drought in some parts of the country that are linked to climate change, but this has not been directly linked to climate change. Like now the whole country is in serious power cuts problem and some government officials link this to climate change problems.
And this is what Chambi Chachage, an independent researcher, newspaper columnist and policy analyst based in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania said concerning this subject:
These are the kinds of questions that make me think that perhaps there is more in the word 'power' than we use interchangeably with 'electricity'. No wonder the veteran journo, Karl Lyimo, thus rhetorically admits: 'It seems I'll never understand this even if I live to know the difference between power, energy and electricity!' Power cuts means we are a powerless people.
In my physics class I was taught that power is defined as energy over time. I was also taught that the law of conservation of energy states that you can neither create nor destroy energy. What you can only do is transform it from one form to another. And that is indeed what we have been doing since Uhuru*: transforming mechanical energy from moving water into electrical energy.
Human agency is what has done this transformation. It is this same agency that has transformed fuel energy from generators to produce electrical energy. Surely the same agency has the power to harness the heat from the sun and force from the winds and turn them into electrical energy.
With all these forms of energy in our country, how can we afford to be powerless? Why can't we have the same kind of belief that inspired Barack Obama to powerfully declare: 'We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories'? What is stopping us from being powerful enough to also conclude: 'All this we can do. All this we will do.'?
Power is about the distribution of resources. Let's redistribute our energy resources. Yes, we can.
(no answer yet)
(no answer yet)
Once again, it’s your turn to present the questions 19 until 23: Compile 5 additional questions, suitable for people in your partner class to use, for example, in an interview with people on the street or people they know. Questions you really want to learn more about in order to get a good overall picture of the situation in your partner class.
Not always. Sometimes it is salty.
Right now there are lots of articles that talk about how our governement should negogiate at the climate conference in copenhagen. what has been described as the likely great defining cause, is for the developed countries to agree on a new international regime to fight climate and the only sustainable global growth path as one to transform their economies to low carbon. We should send a committed team for the UN Copenhagen climate conference in December this year to press for an equitable and favourable deal for the country and the region.
Black carbon: Black carbon is formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuel, and biomass, and is emitted in both anthropogenic and naturally occurring soot. Black carbon warms the planet by absorbing heat in the atmosphere and by reducing albedo, the ability to reflect sunlight, when deposited on snow and ice. Black carbon stays in the atmosphere for only several days to weeks, whereas CO2 has an atmospheric lifetime of more than 100 years. Because black carbon remains in the atmosphere only for a few weeks, reducing black carbon emissions may be the fastest means of slowing climate change in the near-term.
Today, the majority of black carbon emissions are from developing countries and this trend is expected to increase. The largest sources of black carbon are Asia, Latin America, and Africa.China and India account for 25-35% of global black carbon emissions. Black carbon emissions from China doubled from 2000 to 2006.Existing and well-tested technologies used by developed countries, such as clean diesel and clean coal, could be transferred to developing countries to reduce their emissions.
Black carbon emissions “peak close to major source regions and give rise to regional hotspots of black carbon—induced atmospheric solar heating.” Such hotspots include “the Indo-Gangetic plains in South Asia; eastern China; most of Southeast Asia including Indonesia; regions of Africa between sub-Sahara and South Africa; Mexico and Central America; and most of Brazil and Peru in South America.” . Approximately three billion people live in these hotspots.
Approximately 20% of black carbon is emitted from burning biofuels, 40% from fossil fuels, and 40% from open biomass burning.
42% Open biomass burning (forest and savanna burning)
18% Residential biofuel burned with traditional technologies
14% Diesel engines for transportation
10% Diesel engines for industrial use
10% Industrial processes and power generation, usually from smaller boilers
6% Residential coal burned with traditional technologies[57]
Deforestation: Deforestation plays a huge role in climate change - up to one-fifth of global emissions come from forest destruction.
The government has said climate change is poised to undermine national efforts to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and put overall poverty reduction efforts in jeopardy.
In the picture you see Dr Batilda Buriani, the Minister of State in the Vice President's Office (Environment).
According to the her the national economy is highly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change and extreme weather events which are already vivid. Buriani said several current droughts in the past few years have triggered the recent devastating power crisis.
She said recent temperature measurements from 21 meteorological stations in the country have shown a steady increase in temperature for the past 30 years.
”Due to the increasing temperatures, the adverse impacts are now felt in all sectors of the economy, and are threatening human life,” she added.
The extreme drop of water levels in Lake Victoria among others in recent years, and the most dramatic receding of Lake Rukwa in about 50 years, are associated at least in part with climate change, the minister explained.
Dr Buriani called for appropriate plans, programmes and community adaptation strategies at both local and national level in order to reduce the negative impacts of climate change.
She asserted that while Tanzania’s contribution to greenhouse gas emission is negligible in global terms, the government considers the new ’Reduced Emissions for Deforestation and Forest Degradation’ initiative as a viable option that can allow the country to manage its forests and woodlands on a sustainable basis.
Forests cover around 30 per cent of the Earths total land surface (nearly 4 billion hectares). Experts say forests provide valuable ecosystem services and goods, serve as a habitat for a wide range of flora and fauna, and hold a significant standing stock of global carbon.
Deforestation, mainly conversion of forests for agriculture activities, has been estimated at an alarming rate of 13 million hectares per year in the period 1990-2005. Deforestation results in immediate release of carbon stored in trees as CO2 emissions.
It is estimated that deforestation contributed globally to approximately 20 per cent of annual greenhouse gas emissions in the 1990s.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its fourth assessment report, reducing and/or preventing deforestation is the mitigation option with the largest and most immediate carbon stock impact in the short term
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